KHOẢNG CÁCH NĂNG LỰC CẠNH TRANH LOGISTICS CỦA VIỆT NAM VỚI MỘT SỐ QUỐC GIA ASEAN: ĐỐI SÁNH DỮ LIỆU LPI VÀ LPI 2.0

Abstract

This study quantifies Vietnam’s logistics competitiveness gaps relative to Singapore, Malaysia, and Thailand, while examining the consistency between the perception-based assessment of the Logistics Performance Index (LPI) and the empirical operational indicators of LPI 2.0. Benchmarking and gap analysis are applied to World Bank data, covering the LPI for 2018–2023 and LPI 2.0 for 2023–2024. The results indicate a decline in Vietnam’s relative position and disadvantages across all six LPI components, with particularly pronounced widening gaps in logistics service quality and timeliness. LPI 2.0 data confirm Vietnam’s disadvantages in operational speed, especially in aviation and B2B postal delivery, while indicating improvements in container transport. The findings suggest that Vietnam should prioritize identifying and addressing the stages responsible for prolonged cargo dwell times, strengthening international aviation and B2B postal connectivity, continuing to improve port operational efficiency, and developing a data system for monitoring logistics performance by transport mode.