The Repositioning of Global Supply Chains and its Impact on Vietnam's High-Quality FDI Attraction Strategy
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DOI:
https://doi.org/10.63640/3030-4091/jpd.apd.185Từ khóa:
Geopolitics and Industry 4.0; Technology Spillovers;Tóm tắt
This paper investigates the shifting dynamics of global value chains (GVCs) driven by geopolitical tensions and technological shifts (Industry 4.0), analyzing their impacts on Vietnam's high-quality FDI attraction strategy. Using a qualitative approach and secondary data analysis, the research identifies critical “binding constraints” that hinder Vietnam’s repositioning in the GVC. Key findings reveal that while traditional tax incentives are being neutralized by the Global Minimum Tax (GMT), infrastructure for green energy and domestic innovation capacity have emerged as the most decisive factors for high-tech investors. Specifically, the study indicates a lack of standardized KPIs for high-quality FDI, leading to descriptive rather than measurable policy implementation. To address these gaps, the paper proposes a transition from tax-based competition to a non-tax competitive framework. Headline recommendations include operationalizing high-quality FDI criteria (R&D intensity, localization rates, and ESG compliance) and establishing “spillover linkage” mechanisms to upgrade Vietnam's position from assembly to high-value-added stages in the GVC.
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